Fuel injection pump



Oct. 9, 1956 H. HOGEMAN FUEL INJECTION PUMP s Sheet-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 19, 1953 IINVENTOE. HANS HOGE MAN ATTORNEY.

Oct. 9, 1956 HQHOGEMAN 2,765,741

FUEL INJECTION PUMP Filed Jan. 19, 1953 3 $heets$heei 2 1 N I X v ha 2 1 .J I D- I, N

BNVENTOIZ. HANS 4 HOGEMAN START QFINJECTIONJ 4 p END OF INJECTION Z zolzmgv.

FUEL INJECTION PUMP Hans Hogeman, Longmeadow, Mass., assignor to American Bosch Arma Corporation, a corporation of New York Application January 19, 1933, Serial No. 332,059

4 Claims. (Cl. 103--5) This invention relates to fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines or the like, and has particular reference to a new and improved apparatus which is relatively simple, compact and economical in construction and efficient in operation.

An object is to provide a new and improved fuel injection apparatus of the type set forth which allows the changing of the duration of injection.

Another object is to provide a fuel injection apparatus having a plurality of pumping members and wherein the relative injection by each of the pumping members may be varied.

Another object is to provide a device of the type set forth which allows the varying of the rate of injection.

Another object is to provide a new and improved fuel injection apparatus of the type employing a rotary pumping and distributing arrangement adapted to pump and distribute fuel to the various engine cylinders which device employs a plurality of pumping members, and wherein the phase relationship of said pumping member may be varied to vary the rate or duration of injection.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that many changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the accompanying claims, as the preferred form of the invention has been shown and described by way of illustration only.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view, partially in section, of an apparatus embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the cams for actuating the fuel injection pump plungers;

Fig. 3 is a chart illustrating the variations in injection characteristics with the apparatus of the present invention; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 44 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring more particularly to the drawings wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout, the apparatus shown embodying the invention comprises a housing having open ends with one end adapted to be closed by the cover end and plate 11, and the opposite end adapted to be closed by the distributing head 12.

The drive shaft 13 extends into housing 10 and is aligned with the pumping and distributing member 14 to which it is operatively connected by the tongue in groove arrangement 15 or by other suitable means.

On drive shaft 13 is secured gear 16 of the fuel supply pump which meshes with gear 17 to form the gear type fuel supply pump, and said supply pump is adapted to receive fuel from a supply tank or the like through line 18 and duct 19 and to supply fuel under pressure through duct 20 and line 21 which could be internally of the apparatus to duct 22 to the injection pump through duct atent i 23 in the combined pumping and distributing member 14 which is provided with a pair of longitudinally spaced cylinders 24 and 25 in which are mounted the pistons 26 and 27 respectively.

Surrounding pistons 26 and 27 are the internal cams 28 and 29 respectively, each adapted to actuate its respective piston through means of the rollers 30 which are re tained in shoes 31, which are mounted for sliding movement in bores 32 whereby upon rotation of member 14 the pistons will be forced outwardly through the combined action of centrifugal force and the fuel supply pressure of fuel entering duct 23 from the fuel supply pump, and the pistons will be forced inwardly on their pumping stroke by means of suitable lobes 33 on the internal earns 28 and 29, one lobe being provided for each injection stroke by its respective plunger.

The distributing head comprises a plurality of outlets 34, one of which is provided for each engine cylinder to which it is adapted to be connected by means of hydraulic lines, not shown, and said outlets are each connected by a duct 35 to the bore for the distributing portion 36 of the pumping and distributing member 14 and upon the pumping stroke of plungers 26 and 27 at which time duct 36 is out of alignment with duct 22, fuel is pumped through bore 23 and radial passage 37 to each of the ducts 35 and its respective outlet 34 successively upon rotation of member 14 and distributing portion 36.

Ports 36 and 37 are not in the same plane as set forth above and, therefore, not simultaneously aligned with ducts 22 and 35 but are so shown for convenience and illustration.

Mounted for sliding movement on drive shaft 13 is collar 37 on which is carried the thrust bearing 38 and sleeve 37 is adapted to be actuated in one direction by the centrifugal arrangement consisting of the balls 39 Lever 42 and its pivots mounted for ing 37.

opposite leg are both provided with vertical sliding movement in bear- The pumping and distributing member 14 has a metering portion 44 which has an axial duct 45 communicating with the bore 23 of the fuel injection pump distributor.

The metering portion 44 is provided with the helical groove 46 communicating with the axial duct 45 through port 47 and surrounding metering portion 44 is the sleeve 48 having the spill ports 49, one of which is provided for each of the delivery outlets 34 in the distributing head 12 for controlling the quantity of fuel injected. Sleeve 48 is connected to shaft 49a by means of eccentric 5t) and control rod 43 is connected to shaft 49a by means of an eccentric connection whereby upon rotation of shaft 49a through control rod 43, longitudinal adjustment of sleeve 48 on distributing portion 14 is obtained to vary the fuel quantity delivered through control of the quan-.

with the opening 62 to provide access to spring seat 60 Y to aid the changing of the governor springs 58 and 59;

as to allow the insertion of a tool to force seat 60 against the pressure of the springs 58 and 59, and thereby facilitating removal of seat 51 and springs 58 and 59.

Lever 54 has a portion 63 abutting sleeve 38 and adapted to be moved in one direction. This movement of pin 53 in its groove effects pivotal movement of metering member 48, thereby changing the relation between ports 49 and helical groove 46 to correspondingly change the timing or quantity of injection by the apparatus.

The relative positions of cams 28 and 29 and the phase relationship of the lobes 33 may be adjusted, if desired, by means of the lever 64 and shaft 65 which is connected to arm 66 which has the pins 67 and 68 in slots on the periphery of cams 28 and 29 respectively, whereby movement of lever 64 will effect rotation of cams 28 and 29 in opposite directions whereby the lobes 33 on the two cams will be adjusted relative to each other to thereby effect changes in the rate or duration of injection by the plungers 26 and 27.

The foregoing apparatus is generally similar to that shown in application Patent No. 2,683,445, except for the means for supplying fuel from the supply pump to the injection pump and the provision of separate cams for actuating each of the plungers, and the arrangement whereby the relationship between the cams may be varied.

In operation, fuel is supplied by the supply pump to the injection pump through line 21 and duct 22, as previously described.

Upon the rotation of pumping and distributing member 14 reciprocating action of the plungers 26 and 27 is efiected to supply fuel through duct 23 and radial port 37 to each of the ducts 35 and its respective outlet 34 from which it passes to the engine cylinders in succession.

Upon the suction stroke of plungers 26 and 27 fuel is supplied to bore 23 through ports 36.

Upon the pumping stroke of plungers 26 and 27 fuel is delivered through duct 23 in the distributor and port 37 to one of the outlet ducts 35 until helical groove 46 is aligned with one of the spill ports 49 at which time fuel is spilled back into the sump 51. At the end of each injection period, the groove 46 is aligned with the next port 49 to cut off further injection and the next suction stroke then begins. This cycle is repeated for each of the outlets successively to thereby supply fuel under injection pressure to each combustion chamber in proper sequence.

To vary the rate of injection by the apparatus or the duration of the injection, the lever 64 may be adjusted which adjusts the relative position of the earns 28 and 29 which thereby adjusts the relative positions of the lobes 33 on the cams which allows exact and quick adjustment of the injection characteristics at will.

In Figs. 2 and 3 are illustrated variations that may be made in the injection characteristics of the device. Where it is desired for the two plungers 26 and 27 to inject simultaneously, the cams are positioned with their lobes 33 in aligned relationship and the injection characteristics of the device are then illustrated by the full lines on the chart of Fig. 3 showing the simultaneous injection by both plungers.

Where it is desired to change the injection characteristics to vary the rate of injection or the duration of injection, the two cams are rotated relative to each other, as for example, the 14 degree variation shown in Fig. 2 wherein one of the cams is shown in full lines and the other in dotted lines. As shown in Fig. 3 in the full and dotted lines and wherein the full line showing is the injection by the plunger actuated by the cam shown in full lines in Fig. 2 and the dotted line showing is the injection by the cam shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the injections by the two plungers will overlap, that is the injection by the plunger actuated by the cam shown in dottel lines will not begin until the cam 28 has been rotated 14 degrees more than the rotation of cam 29, but the injection by the cam 28 will continue after the injection by the cam 29, that is, the rate of injection by the apparatus will be lengthened to give a fuel injection of desired duration or rate.

Relative adjustment of cams 28 and 29 does not necessarily require any adjustment of spill control sleeve 48 and if any adjustment should be needed it will be automatically taken care of by the governor to maintain a required engine output.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided relatively simple, compact and economical means for ohdinally spaced radial bores communicating with said duct,

Cit

plunger means in said bores, an internal cam member surrounding said rotor adjacent each of said bores, said cam means being adapted to effect reciprocation of said plunger means upon relative rotation of said rotor and said cam means, said cam means being relatively rotatable about the axis of said rotor whereby the injection characteristics of the injection pump portion may be varied without varying the fuel quantity.

2. In a device of the character described, a housing, a rotor in said housing, said rotor having a fuel distributing portion and a fuel injection pump portion in aligned relation, a duct connecting said distributing and injection pump portion, said pump comprising a pair of longitudinally spaced radial bores communicating with said duct, plunger means in said bores, an internal cam member surrounding said rotor adjacent each of said bores, said cam means being adapted to effect reciprocation of said plunger means upon relative rotation of said rotor and said cam means, said cam means being relatively rotatable about the axis of said rotor whereby the injection characteristics of the injection pump portion may be varied without varying the fuel quantity and means operatively connected to said cam means for varying their relative positions.

3. In a device of the character described, a housing, a rotor in said housing, said rotor having a fuel distributing portion and a fuel injection pump portion in aligned relation, a duct connecting said distributing and injection pump portion, said pump comprising a pair of longitudinally spaced radial bores communicating with said duct, plunger means in said bores, an internal cam member surrounding said rotor adjacent each of said bores, said cam means being adapted to effect reciprocation of said plunger means upon relative rotation of said rotor and said cam means, said cam means bein relatively rotatable about the axis of said rotor whereby the injection characteristics of the injection pump portion may be varied without varying the fuel quantity and means communicating with said duct for controlling the fuel quantity.

4. In a device of the character described, a housing, a rotor in said housing, said rotor having a fuel distributing portion and a fuel injection pump portion in aligned relation, a duct connecting said distributing and injection pump portion, said pump comprising a pair of longitudinally spaced radial bores communicating with said duct, plunger means in said bores, an internal cam member surrounding said rotor adjacent each of said bores, said cam means being adapted to effect reciprocation of said plunger means upon relative rotation of said rotor and said cam means, said cam means being relatively rotatable about the axis of said rotor whereby the injection characteristics of the injection pump portion may be varied without varying the fuel quantity, and means operatively connected to said cam means for varying their relative positions and means communicating with said duct for controlling the fuel quantity.

(References on following page) References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Ferris et a1 Jan. 11, 1949 6 Hofier Feb. 7, 1950 White Aug. 28, 1951 Vickers Oct. 9, 1951 Humber Apr. 6, 1954 Seaver July 13, 1954 

